Pronoun Reference
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Level: beginner
Subject | Object | Possessive adjective | Possessive pronoun |
---|---|---|---|
I | me | my | mine |
you | you | your | yours |
he | him | his | his |
she | her | her | hers |
it | it | its | - |
we | us | our | ours |
they | them | their | theirs |
Pronoun reference:
Pro āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāϞ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻāϰ Noun āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϞ āĻŦāĻž āύāĻžāĻŽ āĨ¤ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§, āϝ⧠word āĻā§āύ Noun āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§ āϤāĻžāĻā§ Pronoun āĻŦāϞ⧠āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύāĻ Sumon is a good student.
He goes to school everyday.
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ Sentence āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽāĻāĻŋāϤ⧠subject āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦā§ Sumon āĻŦāϏā§āĻā§, āϝā§āĻāĻž Noun. āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§ā§ Sentence āĻ Sumon āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠He āĻŦāϏā§āĻā§ āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻžāύ⧠He āĻšāϞ Pronoun.
Pronoun āĻā§ āĻāĻ (ā§Ļā§Ž) āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāĻž āϝāĻžā§āĨ¤
1.Personal Pronoun
2.Interrogative Pronoun
3.Indefinite Pronoun
4.Distributive Pronoun
5.Demonstrative Pronoun
6.Relative Pronoun
7.Reciprocal Pronoun
8.Reflexive Pronoun
1. Personal Pronoun:
āĻā§āύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāϏā§āϤā§āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āϝ⧠Pronoun āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§, āϤāĻžāĻā§ Personal Pronoun āĻŦāϞ⧠āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύ- Mim is a bright student.
Alif goes to college regularly.
Tarek is a university student.
Enaf likes to read poems.
The dog is barking.
It is very ferocious.
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ sentence āĻā§āϞāĻŋāϤ⧠He, She, It āĻāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤā§āϝā§āĻā§ āĻšāϞ Personal pronoun.āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āϝāĻĨāĻžāĻā§āϰāĻŽā§ Rana, Soma, āĻāĻŦāĻ The dog āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻā§āĻā§āĨ¤
Personal pronoun āĻā§āϞā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύā§āύ form āϝāĻĨāĻž subjective form, objective form, possessive form āύāĻŋāĻā§ āĻĻā§ā§āĻž āĻšāϞ āĨ¤
subject=object=poss
I-me-my
He-him-his
She-her-hers
You-you-your
We-us-our
They-them-their
Rules-1> āĻā§āύ āĻā§ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāϰā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻž āϧāĻžāϰāύāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠it āĻŦāϏ⧠āĨ¤
Example: Here is your pen; take it.
Rules-2>āĻĒā§āϰā§āώ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāϞāĻž āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰāĻž āϝāĻžā§ āύāĻž āĻ āϧāϰāύā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻŖā§āϰ āĻā§āώā§āϤā§āϰ⧠it āĻŦāϏ⧠āĨ¤
Example: This is a dog. it is faithful animal.
Rules-3>āĻā§āĻ āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠it āĻŦāϏ⧠āĨ¤
Example: I have a child. It is fine.
Rules-4>āĻĒā§āĻŦā§ āĻāϞā§āϞāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϤ āĻā§āύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠it āĻŦāϏ⧠āĨ¤
Example: Kabir Hossain told a story and he knew it goodly.
Rules-5> āĻā§āύ Noun āĻŦāĻž Pronoun āĻā§ āĻā§āϰ āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻāύā§āϝ it āĻŦāϏ⧠āĨ¤
Example:It is Shawan who is brother.
Rules-6> Impersonal verb āĻāϰ subject āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ it āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§ āĨ¤
Example:It is raining.
Ruse-7> āϏāĻŽā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻā§āĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāϤ⧠it āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§ āĨ¤
Example: It is 5 o'clock
It is winter season.
Rules-8> Verb 'to be' āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧠real subject āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦā§ Provisional subject āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ it āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§ āĨ¤
Example: It is easy to go there.
2. Interrogative Pronoun
āϝ⧠Pronoun āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻāϰāĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§ āϤāĻžāĻā§ Interrogative Pronoun āĻŦāϞ⧠āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύ-
What is your name?
Who is he?
Which do you want?
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ ā§Š āĻāĻŋ sentence āĻ what, who which āĻšāϞ Interrogative Pronoun .
Sentence āĻāϰ āĻļā§āϰā§āϤ⧠Who, Which, What āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āĻāĻŦāĻ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻā§āύ noun āύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž Interrogative Pronoun āĻšāĻŦā§, āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠Who, Which, What āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻā§āύ Noun āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž Interrogative adjective āĻšāĻŦā§ āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύ-
What class do you read in ?
Which book does he want?
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ ⧍ āĻāĻŋ sentence āĻ what, which āĻšāϞ Interrogative adjective. āĻāĻžāϰāύ what āĻāĻŦāĻ which āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ ⧍ āĻāĻŋ noun āϝāĻĨāĻžāĻā§āϰāĻŽā§ class āĻāĻŦāĻ book āĻāĻā§ āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻšā§āϤ⧠noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻŦāϏāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž adjective āϧāϰāĻž āĻšā§, āϤāĻžāĻ āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ sentence āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋāϤ⧠what āĻāĻŦāĻ which āĻšāϞ Interrogative adjective.
Rules-9> Person āĻŦāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠Who=āĻā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻžāϰāĻž.Whom= āĻāĻžāĻā§ Whose= āĻāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§āĨ¤
Example:Who are you?Whose is this pen?
3. Demonstrative Pronoun.
âDemonstrativeâ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāϞ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāĻ āĨ¤ āϝ⧠Pronoun āĻā§āύ noun āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰ⧠āϤāĻžāĻā§ Demonstrative Pronoun āĻŦāϞ⧠āĨ¤ This, These, That, Those, Such āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun
This is our college.
(This āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun ,āĻāĻžāϰāύ āϏā§āĻāĻž college āĻāĻ noun āĻāĻžāĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻā§ āĨ¤ )
These are my books.
(These āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun , āĻāĻžāϰāύ āϏā§āĻāĻž books āĻāĻ noun āĻā§āϞā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻā§ āĨ¤ )
That is your laptop.
(That āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun ,āĻāĻžāϰāύ āϏā§āĻāĻž laptop āĻāĻ noun āĻāĻžāĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻā§ )
Those are your cloths.
(Those āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun , āĻāĻžāϰāύ āϏā§āĻāĻž cloths āĻāĻ noun āĻā§āϞā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻā§ )
He made a mistake. Such was not his intention.
(Such āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun , āĻāĻžāϰāύ āϏā§āĻāĻž mistake āĻāĻ noun āĻāĻžāĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻā§ )
āϤāĻŦā§âĻâĻâĻ
This, These, That, Those, Such āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻā§āύ Noun āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž Demonstrative Pronoun āύāĻž āĻšā§ā§ Demonstrative adjective āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύâ
This book is mine.
( āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ Sentence āĻ This āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻāĻžāϰāύ This āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ book āĻāĻāĻāĻž Noun. āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻžāύāĻŋ āϝ⧠noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻ āύā§āϝ āĻā§āύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž adjective āĻšā§ )
These books are costly.
( āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ Sentence āĻ These āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻāĻžāϰāύ These āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ books āĻšāϞ Noun. āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻžāύāĻŋ āϝ⧠noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻ āύā§āϝ āĻā§āύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž adjective āĻšā§ )
That Car was white.
( āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ Sentence āĻ That āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻāĻžāϰāύ That āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ Car āĻāĻāĻāĻž Noun. āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻžāύāĻŋ āϝ⧠noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻ āύā§āϝ āĻā§āύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž adjective āĻšā§ )
Those pens were not good.
( āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ Sentence āĻ Those āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻāĻžāϰāύ Those āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ pens āĻāĻāĻāĻž Noun. āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻžāύāĻŋ āϝ⧠noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻ āύā§āϝ āĻā§āύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž adjective āĻšā§ )
Such Behavior is not praiseworthy to any one.
( āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ Sentence āĻ Such āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻāĻžāϰāύ SuchāĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ behavior āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻāĻāĻž Noun. āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻžāύāĻŋ āϝ⧠noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻ āύā§āϝ āĻā§āύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž adjective āĻšā§ )
āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ âĻ..
āĻāĻāĻ Noun āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āύāϰāĻžāĻŦā§āϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻā§āĻžāύā§āϰ āĻāύā§āϝ singular noun āĻāϰ āĻā§āώā§āϤā§āϰ⧠that āĻāĻŦāĻ plural noun āĻāϰ āĻā§āώā§āϤā§āϰ⧠those āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšā§ āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύ-
The roads of Dhaka are better than Rajshahi
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ sentence āĻāĻŋāϰ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāϞ â āĻĸāĻžāĻāĻžāϰ āϰāĻžāϏā§āϤāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ āϰāĻžāĻāĻļāĻžāĻšā§āϰ āĻā§ā§ā§ āĻāĻžāϞ āĨ¤
āϏāϤā§āϝāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āϤāĻžāĻ, āύāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻāĻāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŋāϞ āϝ⧠âāĻĸāĻžāĻāĻžāϰ āϰāĻžāϏā§āϤāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ āϰāĻžāĻāĻļāĻžāĻšā§āϰ āϰāĻžāϏā§āϤāĻžāĻāĻžāĻā§āϰ āĻā§ā§ā§ āĻāĻžāϞâ
āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠Sentence āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āϞāĻŋāĻāϤ⧠āĻšāϤ,
āϝāĻĨāĻž- âThe roads of Dhaka are better than the roads of Rajshahiâ.
āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻāĻāĻ Noun āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§ roads āĻāĻ noun āĻāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āύāϰāĻžāĻŦā§āϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻā§āĻžāύā§āϰ āĻāύā§āϝ ( roads) āĻāĻ plural noun āĻāĻžāϰ āĻā§āώā§āϤā§āϰ⧠those āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻāϰ⧠āϞāĻŋāĻāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
â The roads of Dhaka are better than those of Rajshahiâ.
āĻāϰāĻ āϞāĻā§āώā§āϝ āĻāϰāĻŋâĻâĻ.
Incorrect: The weather of Khulna is better than Dhaka.
The weather of Khulna is better than those of Dhaka.
Correct: The weather of Khulna is better than that of Dhaka.
(āϝā§āĻšā§āϤ⧠weather āĻšāϞ singular, āϤāĻžāĻ those āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻž āĻāϰ⧠that āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§)
Incorrect: The buildings of Dhaka are bigger than Rajshahi.
The buildings of Dhaka are bigger than that of Rajshahi.
Correct: The buildings of Dhaka are bigger than those of Rajshahi.
(āϝā§āĻšā§āϤ⧠buildings āĻšāϞ plural, āϤāĻžāĻ that āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻž āĻāϰ⧠those āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§)
Incorrect: The people of Japan are more industrious than Bangladesh.
The people of Japan are more industrious than that of Bangladesh.
Correct: The people of Japan are more industrious than those of Bangladesh.
(āϝā§āĻšā§āϤ⧠people āĻšāϞ plural, āϤāĻžāĻ that āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āύāĻž āĻāϰ⧠those āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§)
Rules-10> āĻā§āύ āĻŦāĻŋāώā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻļāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠Demonstrative pronoun(this, that,these,those āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§ āĨ¤
Example:This is a book. That is my pen.
4.Reflexive Pronoun.
Reflexive pronoun āĻšāϞ objective form āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻā§āύ PronounāĨ¤
āϝāĻžāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠Subject āĻāϰ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĢāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠Subject āĻā§āύ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž Subject āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻ āĻĢāĻŋāϰ⧠āϝāĻžā§ āĨ¤
himself, herself, myself, yourself, themselves āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻšāϞ Reflexive pronoun.
āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻāĻŋ āϞāĻā§āώā§āϝ āĻāϰāĻŋ:
He killed himself.
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠âhimselfâ āĻāĻāĻāĻž Pronoun, āϝāĻžāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠Subject ( He) āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĢāϞāύ āĻāĻā§, āĻāĻŦāĻ Subject (He) āϝ⧠āĻāĻžāĻ ( kill) āĻāϰ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž āϤāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻĢāĻŋāϰ⧠āϝāĻžā§, āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āϏ⧠(He) āύāĻŋāĻā§āĻ āύāĻŋāĻā§āĻā§ āĻā§āύ (Kill) āĻāϰ⧠āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠âhimselfâ āĻšāϞ Reflexive Pronoun.
āĻāĻŽāύāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻŦā§âĻâĻ
She hurt herself. (āϏ⧠āύāĻŋāĻā§āĻ āύāĻŋāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻžāϤ āĻāϰāϞā§)
They killed themselves. ( āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻšāϤā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞ)
I fan myself. ( āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻā§ āύāĻŋāĻā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻžāϤāĻžāϏ āĻāϰāϞāĻžāĻŽ)
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āϝāĻĨāĻžāĻā§āϰāĻŽā§ herself, themselves, myself āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ Reflexive Pronou
Rules-11> āĻāϰā§āϤāĻž āĻ āĻāϰā§āĻŽ āĻāĻ āĻšāϞ⧠Reflexive Pronoun āĻšā§ āĨ¤
Example: I enjoyed the play myself.
Rules-12> āĻāϰā§āϤāĻž āĻāĻžāϰ⧠āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāϝā§āϝ āĻāĻžā§āĻž āύāĻŋāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāĻā§ , āĻāĻšāĻž āĻā§āϰ āĻĻā§ā§āĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ Emphatic Pronoun āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšā§ āĨ¤
āĻāĻā§āϞ⧠Subject āĻŦāĻž Object- āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧠āĻŦāϏ⧠āĨ¤
Example:I myself saw him.
Rules-13> āĻāϰā§āϤāĻž āĻāĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāĻā§, āĻāϰā§āĻĒ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠Reflexive Pronoun-āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦā§ by āĻŦāϏ⧠āĨ¤
Example:Tanjila did the work by herself.
Rules-14>āĻāĻŋāĻā§ Verb āϝā§āĻŽāύ- avail,absent,exert,pride āĻāϤā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ Reflexive Pronoun-āĻā§ object āϰā§āĻĒā§ āĻā§āϰāĻšāύ āĻāϰ⧠āĨ¤
Example:They should avail thenselves of the golden offer.
5.Indefinite Pronoun
Indefinite āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϞ āĻ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĨ¤ āϝ⧠āϏāĻŦ Pronoun āĻ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻā§āύ noun āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšā§ āϤāĻžāĻā§ Indefinite pronoun āĻŦāϞ⧠āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύ- Some, None, Any, Many, One etc.
Some are playing football.
(Some āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻā§ā§āĻāĻāύ, āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻāϤāĻāύ āϤāĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āύāĻž āĨ¤ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āĻ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻ Some āĻšāϞ Indefinite Pronoun)
Many can do this.
(Many āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻ āύā§āĻāĻāύ, āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻāϤāĻāύ āϤāĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āύāĻž āĨ¤ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āĻ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻ Many āĻšāϞ Indefinite Pronoun)
Any of them will be selected.
(Any āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āϝ⧠āĻā§āĻ, āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻž āĻā§, āϤāĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āύāĻž āĨ¤ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āĻ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻ Any āĻšāϞ Indefinite Pronoun)
One should do oneâs duty. (āĻĒā§āϰāϤā§āϝā§āĻā§āϰ āĻāĻāĻŋāϤ āϤāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻĻāĻžā§āĻŋāϤā§āĻŦ āĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻāϰāĻž āĨ¤ One āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϤā§āϝā§āĻā§ āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻā§āĻ āύ⧠āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠One āĻšāϞ Indefinite pronoun)
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ Sentence āĻā§āϞāĻŋāϤ⧠Some, Many, Any, One āĻšāϞ Indefinite Pronoun. āĻāĻžāϰāύ āĻāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻāĻžāĻāĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āύāĻž, āĻŦāϰāĻ āĻ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻā§āύ Pronoun āĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻā§
āϞāĻā§āώā§āϝ āĻāϰāĻŋâ
One āϝā§āĻā§āϤ āĻā§āύ Sentence āĻ possessive case oneâs āĻšā§ āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύ-
One should not waste oneâs time.
One Should respect oneâs parents.
āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠ââ
One of + plural nounâāĻāϰāĻāĻŽ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠possessive case āĻ oneâs āύāĻž āĻšā§ā§ his/her āĻšā§ āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύ-
Incorrect: One of my friends has done oneâs/their duty.
Correct: One of my friends has done his/her duty.
Incorrect: One of the students has completed oneâs/their homework.
Correct: One of the students has completed his/her homework.
āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāώ⧠āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻžā§ āϰāĻžāĻāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§ āϝā§, One of āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ noun āĻāϰ plural form āĻŦāϏā§, āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠singular verb āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšā§ āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύ-
Incorrect: One of my friend is a lawyer./ One of my friends are lawyer.
Correct: One of my friends is a lawyer.
Incorrect: One of the boy has done it./ One of the boys have done it.
Correct: One of the boys has done it.
Incorrect: Runa is one of my sister.
Correct: Runa is one of my sisters.
Ruse-14> āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻā§āύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāϏā§āϤā§āĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠Indefinite Pronoun āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻŋāĨ¤
Example:One should do one's duty.
6.Distributive Pronoun.
âDistributeâ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāϞ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĻā§ā§āĻž āĨ¤
Distributive Pronoun āĻ āύā§āĻ āĻā§āϞ⧠noun āĻŦāĻž pronoun āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ noun āĻŦāĻž Pronoun āĻā§ āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§ āĨ¤ Each, None, Either, Neither āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻšāϞ Distributive Pronoun .
āĻŽāύ⧠āϰāĻžāĻāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§ āϝ⧠Distributive Pronoun āĻā§āϞ⧠Singular āĻšā§ āĨ¤
āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāύ-
Incorrect: Each of the students are meritorious.
Correct: Each of the students is meritorious.
( āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ sentence āĻ Each āĻšāϞ Distributive pronoun. āĻāĻžāϰāύ āĻ āύā§āĻ āĻā§āϞ⧠Students āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻā§ āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ Distributive Pronoun singular āĻšāĻā§āĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāϰāύ⧠singular verb âisâ āĻŦāϏā§āĻā§ āĨ¤ )
Incorrect: Either of the two boys have played well.
Correct: Either of the two boys has played well.
( āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ sentence āĻ Either āĻšāϞ Distributive pronoun. āĻāĻžāϰāύ āĻĻā§āĻāύ boys āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻā§ āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ Distributive Pronoun singular āĻšāĻā§āĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāϰāύ⧠singular verb âhasâ āĻŦāϏā§āĻā§ āĨ¤ )
Incorrect: None of the snakes are poisonous.
Correct: None of the snakes is poisonous.
( āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ sentence āĻ None āĻšāϞ Distributive pronoun. āĻāĻžāϰāύ āĻ āύā§āĻ āĻā§āϞ⧠Snakes āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāĻž āĻā§ āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ Distributive Pronoun singular āĻšāĻā§āĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāϰāύ⧠singular verb âisâ āĻŦāϏā§āĻā§ āĨ¤ )
Incorrect: He had two computers. Neither are good.
Correct: He had two computers. Neither is good.
( āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ sentence āĻ Neither āĻšāϞ Distributive pronoun. āĻāĻžāϰāύ āĻĻā§āĻāĻāĻž Computers āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāĻž āĻā§ āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ Distributive Pronoun singular āĻšāĻā§āĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāϰāύ⧠singular verb âisâ āĻŦāϏā§āĻā§āĨ¤)
7.Relative Pronoun
āϝ⧠āϏāĻŦ Pronoun āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻā§ āϝā§āĻā§āϤ āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦāĻž āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠relation āĻŦāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻ āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰ⧠āĻāĻŦāĻ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§āϰ āĻā§āύ Noun āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰ⧠āϤāĻžāĻā§ Relative pronoun āĻŦāϞ⧠āĨ¤ who, which, what, that āĻšāϞ relative pronoun.
I saw the boy. The boy was crying.
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāĻā§ relative pronoun āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻāϰ⧠āϞā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžā§ āĨ¤
I saw the boy who was crying.
āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠who āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ relative pronoun. āĻāĻžāϰāύ āĻāĻāĻž ( who) āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§āϰ noun (boy) āĻāĻžāĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ I saw the boy āĻāĻŦāĻ The boy was crying, āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻā§ āϝā§āĻā§āϤ āĻāϰā§āĻā§ āĨ¤
She bought a camera. The camera was beautiful.
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāĻā§ relative pronoun āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻāϰ⧠āϞā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžā§ āĨ¤
She bought a camera which was beautiful.
āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠which āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ relative pronoun. āĻāĻžāϰāύ āĻāĻāĻž ( which) āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§āϰ noun (camera) āĻāĻžāĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ She bought a camera āĻāĻŦāĻ The camera was beautiful, āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻā§ āϝā§āĻā§āϤ āĻāϰā§āĻā§ āĨ¤
I know the matter. The matter was secret.
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻāĻžāĻā§ relative pronoun āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻāϰ⧠āϞā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžā§ āĨ¤
I know the matter what was secret.
āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠what āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ relative pronoun. āĻāĻžāϰāύ āĻāĻāĻž ( what) āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§āϰ noun (matter) āĻāĻžāĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ I know the matter āĻāĻŦāĻ The matter was secret, āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻā§ āϝā§āĻā§āϤ āĻāϰā§āĻā§ āĨ¤
Who āĻāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ ââ
Who āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ āĻā§āύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĨ¤
I knew the man. The man died yesterday.
Relative pronoun âwhoâ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻâ
I knew the man who died yesterday.
She respects the man. The man is very honest.
Relative pronoun âwhoâ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻâ
She respects the man who is very honest.
Which āĻāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ ââ
Which āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ āĻā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāύ⧠, āĻā§ āĻŦāϏā§āϤ⧠, āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĨ¤
We bought a cow. The cow was red.
Relative pronoun âwhichâ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻâ
We bought a cow which was red.
He killed a snake. The snake was very poisonous.
Relative pronoun âwhichâ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻâ
He killed a snake which was very poisonous.
I lost my mobile phone. The mobile phone was very costly.
Relative pronoun âwhichâ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻâ
I lost my mobile phone which was very costly.
What āĻāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ ââ
What āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ āĻā§āύ āĻŦāĻŋāώ⧠āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāϤā§āĨ¤
I knew the matter. The matter was secret.
Relative pronoun âwhatâ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻâ
I knew the matter what was secret.
That āĻāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ ââ
That āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ āĻā§āύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāϏā§āϤā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĨ¤
I bought a table. It is very costly.
Relative pronoun âthatâ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻâ
I bought a table that is very costly.
8.Reciprocal Pronoun
âReciprocalâ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϰ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻšāϞ âāĻĒāϰāϏā§āĻĒāϰ āĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻžāĻļā§āϞâ āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ Pronoun āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻ āύā§āϝāĻāύā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻĒāĻžāϰāϏā§āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻā§ Reciprocal Pronoun āĻŦāϞ⧠āĨ¤
āϝā§āĻŽāύ-
They two friends love each other. ( āĻĻā§āĻ āĻŦāύā§āϧ⧠āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻāύāĻā§ āĻāĻžāϞāĻŦāĻžāϏ⧠)
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāύ āĻŦāύā§āϧā§āϰ āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻāύ āĻā§ āĻāĻžāϞāĻŦāĻžāϏ⧠āĨ¤ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒāϰāϏā§āĻĒāϰ āĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻļā§āϞ āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠āĻŦāϞāĻž āϝāĻžā§ āϝ⧠āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠each other āĻšāϞ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ Reciprocal Pronoun .
āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ âĻâĻâĻâĻâĻâĻ.
The five members of the family love one another.
( āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϰ ā§Ģ āĻāύ āϏāĻĻāϏā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻāύ āĻā§ āĻāĻžāϞāĻŦāĻžāϏ⧠)
āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻāĻŋāϤ⧠ā§Ģ āĻāύ āϏāĻĻāϏā§āϝā§āϰ āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻāύ āĻā§ āĻāĻžāϞāĻŦāĻžāϏ⧠āĨ¤ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒāϰāϏā§āĻĒāϰ āĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻļā§āϞ āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠āĻŦāϞāĻž āϝāĻžā§ āϝ⧠āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠One another āĻšāϞ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ Reciprocal Pronoun .
āĻŽāύ⧠āϰāĻžāĻāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§ āϝ⧠ââ
āĻĻā§āĻāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāϏā§āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠â Each other
āĻĻā§āĻ āĻāϰ āĻ āϧāĻŋāĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāϏā§āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠â One another
Incorrect: The two boys always help one another.
Correct: The two boys always help each other.
(āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āϤāĻžāĻ each other.)
Incorrect: The seven leaders of the party respect each other.
Correct: The seven leaders of the party respect One another.
(āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āϏāĻžāϤāĻāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻā§ āϤāĻžāĻ one another.)
Pronoun References:
EXERCISE ON PRONOUN REFERENCES
1. Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where necessary, rewrite the sentences so that all the pronoun references are clear: 1x5=5
At the Writing Centre, you can receive help on any writing assignment. It can make your writing stronger by discussing it with someone else. This will lead to a greater understanding of the proper mechanics and style expected in academic writing. This is an important part of the writing process, and they spend a good deal of time making sure you understand the expectations of written assignments. Using it will definitely make your writing skills stronger, and that will give you greater confidence for your assignment.
Answer: At the Writing Centre, one can receive help on any writing assignment. It can make your writing stronger by discussing it with someone else. The discussions will lead to a greater understanding of the proper mechanics and style expected in academic writing. This understanding is an important part of the writing process, and the tutors spend a good deal of time making sure you understand the expectations of written assignments. Using the Writing Centre will definitely make your writing skills stronger, and that will give you greater confidence for your assignment.
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Very Informative , sir.
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ReplyDeleteVery Informative , sir.
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